A comprehensive new study by the National Oceanography Centre has warned that the UK will need to invest at least £30 billion in sea defences over the next 30 years to protect low-lying coastal communities from rising sea levels.

The report identifies several 'high-risk' zones across East Anglia and the South West where current defences are inadequate for predicted mid-century surge events. It calls for a combination of traditional hard defences and innovative 'managed realignment' of the coast.

"We can no longer afford to hold the line everywhere," stated the lead author. "We must make strategic choices now to ensure our most vital communities and infrastructure remain safe."

The government is expected to review the findings as part of its upcoming National Adaptation Programme.